What are the two most common steering systems?

Rack and Pinion Steering:
When the steering wheel is turned, the pinion rotates, moving the rack horizontally.
This horizontal movement is then transferred to the wheels via tie rods, changing the vehicle's direction.
Rack and pinion systems are known for their simplicity, direct feel, and responsive steering.
Recirculating Ball Steering:
Turning the steering wheel causes the worm gear to move the ball bearings, which in turn move a sector gear.
The sector gear is connected to the steering linkage, ultimately controlling the wheels.
Recirculating ball systems are often found in heavier vehicles due to their robust design and ability to handle greater loads.

Power steering helps the driver of a vehicle to steer by directing some of its engine power to assist in swiveling the steered road wheels about their steering axes. As vehicles have become heavier and switched to front-wheel drive, particularly using negative offset geometry, along with increases in tire width and diameter, the effort needed to turn the wheels about their steering axis has increased, often to the point where major physical exertion would be needed were it not for power assistance.

Steering wheel
Steering column
Steering box
Pitman arm
Idler arm
Tie rod ends
Rack and pinion
Power steering pump
Power steering fluid
Steering linkage
Steering knuckle
Ball joints
Steering dampers

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